Crustal Study Based on Integrated Geophysical and Petrological Investigation in Poonch Division, Azad Jammu and Kashmir

Abstract

This study examines the tectonic framework and mineral potential of the Poonch Division in Azad
Jammu and Kashmir through an integrated geophysical and petrological approach. Situated within the tectonically
active Hazara-Kashmir Syntaxis (HKS), the region is profoundly shaped by the ongoing convergence of the Indian
and Eurasian plates, an orogenic process that has driven the formation of the Himalayas. This tectonic regime has
resulted in extensive crustal shortening, faulting, and uplift, leading to the deformation of Phanerozoic
sedimentary sequences and the development of complex thrust fault systems. Gravity and magnetic surveys were
employed to delineate subsurface structures and identify zones of potential mineralization. Gravity anomalies
correspond with major tectonic features such as the Riasi Thrust and Khaigala Fault, indicating significant density
contrasts in the subsurface. Magnetic data revealed anomalies associated with elevated concentrations of magnetic
minerals, suggesting the presence of heavy mineral assemblages likely deposited in molasse environments.
Petrographic analysis of samples from the Kamlial, Chinji, and Nagri formations reveals a heterogeneous
mineralogical composition, indicating a mixed provenance from igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary sources.
The integration of geophysical and petrological data facilitates a comprehensive understanding of the subsurface
geology and mineral distribution in the study area. The results highlight the region’s complex tectonic evolution
and substantial mineral potential. These findings not only enhance the geological understanding of the Poonch
Division, but also support its prospects for sustainable mineral exploration and resource development. Realizing
this potential could significantly contribute to national economic growth.

Keywords: Hazara-Kashmir syntaxis, tectonic framework, gravity and magnetic surveys, mineral potential petrological
analysis, subsurface geology.