Determination of Yearly Wind Energy Potential and Extraction of Wind Energy Using Wind Turbine for Coastal Cities of Baluchistan, Pakistan

Abstract

Wind energy assessment of Ormara, Gwadar and Lasbela wind sites which are located in province Baluchistan is presented. The daily averaged wind speed data for the three sites is recorded for a period of four years from 2010-2013 at mast heights 7 m, 9.6 m and 23 m. Measured wind data are extrapolated to heights 60 m (Ormara), 80 m (Gwadar) and 60 m (Lasbela). Yearly averaged wind speeds are modeled using a two parameters Weibull function whose shape (k) and scale (c) parameters are computed using seven well known numerical iterative methods. Reliability of the fitting process is assessed by employing three goodness-of-fit test statistics, namely, RMSE, R² and c² tests. Tests indicate that MLE, MLM and EPFM outperformed other Weibull parameter estimation methods for a better fit behavior. Yearly Weibull pdf and cdf are obtained and Weibull wind characteristics are determined. Wind turbines Ecotecnia 60/1.67 MW and Nordex S77 1500 kW are used to extract wind energy on yearly basis. Estimated yearly Weibull power densities are in the range 623.00 - 700.13 W/m², 276.04 – 307.55 W/m² and 66.85 – 75.93 W/m² for Ormara, Gwadar and Lasbela respectively. Extracted wind energy values for Ormara and Gwadar using wind turbines are reported as ca. 8623 kWh and ca. 4622 kWh, respectively.